Cervical Cancer in Rural America: The Roots of the Problem and Seeds of Hope

Based on the latest U.S. Census, roughly 20% of Americans—about 62.8 million people—live in rural areas, from the Deep South to Midwestern farmlands to border towns out West. While rural life offers perks like a lower cost of living, less congestion, and star-filled skies, these benefits often come with limited healthcare options and other barriers to access.

And when it comes to cancer—cervical cancer, in particular—the trade-offs can mean life or death. 

Although cancer death rates have declined nationwide, they remain higher and have decreased more slowly in rural areas compared to urban ones, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Cervical cancer death rates are especially high in some rural regions. In places like Appalachian Kentucky, they are nearly double the national average. A major reason? Women in these areas are more likely to be diagnosed at later stages, when the disease is harder to treat.

Behind these statistics are real women and families—with excessive wait times to see nearby doctors, lower human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates, and healthcare often clouded by stigma or medical bias. For National Public Health Week (April 6–12)—a time to advocate for health equity for all Americans—Cervivor, Inc. is digging into the complex challenge of reducing cervical cancer deaths in rural communities across the country. 

These survivors’ stories underscore the urgency of addressing rural health disparities and the personal nature of this preventable disease—stories like Julianna’s.

Julianna’s Story

Julianna Ferrone

Six months before her 2020 cervical cancer diagnosis, Julianna Ferrone began experiencing symptoms such as bloating, bleeding, prolonged periods, and back pain. Living in Auburn, Alabama—a small college town with just one hospital and 300 doctors serving 11 counties—the 27-year-old had limited healthcare options and felt like she wasn’t being “taken seriously.” Making matters worse, many gynecologists in the area weren’t accepting new patients due to the pandemic. Her symptoms continued to worsen.

“After realizing I was not going to get the medical attention I needed locally due to limited resources, I found a doctor at the Georgia Cancer Center, over 100 miles away,” shares Julianna, who wrote a lengthy letter explaining her symptoms, concerns, and lack of access to care. The Georgia doctor saw her within two weeks.

During that first visit, the doctor gave Julianna a physical exam, noted her symptoms, and did an overdue cervical cancer screening. When the results came back abnormal, they developed a treatment plan that included four rounds of Cisplatin chemotherapy (to kill or slow cancer cells), 25 pelvic radiation treatments (to target cancer cells in the area), and two rounds of brachytherapy (internal radiation placed near the tumor). Before treatments could begin, however, Julianna required multiple surgeries.

Julianna’s “big belly photo,” before undergoing several surgeries to remove cancerous and scar tissue.

“The big belly photo was taken the day before my exploratory surgery when doctors removed my appendix because the cancer had spread there as well as endometriosis scar tissue,” says Julianna of this image of her bloated stomach. That same day, she underwent a colposcopy to examine her cervix for cancer, which returned abnormal results as well. Days later, she endured a four-hour hysterectomy that included the removal of multiple lymph nodes. On top of these grueling procedures and treatments, she spent countless hours commuting to Georgia from Alabama with her mother.

She has since experienced a recurrence and relocated to the Atlanta suburbs for better access to ongoing care. “Even living an hour outside Atlanta, there’s still a huge health disparity,” Julianna observes. “But I’m grateful to have surveillance appointments every three months at the cancer center.”

Today, the 2023 Cervivor School graduate advocates for awareness and prevention, lobbying state legislators, participating in American Cancer Society panels, and securing a gubernatorial proclamation recognizing Cervical Cancer Awareness Month in Georgia—a feat she was “ecstatic” about.  

“This cancer is preventable—and we need to start talking about it,” she says, emphasizing that thousands of lives in Georgia could be saved through awareness. “There is such a stigma surrounding HPV and cervical cancer, especially in the South.” 

Julianna at Cervivor School Seattle in 2023, where her passion for patient advocacy was ignited, leading to lobbying efforts in Georgia.

Breaking Barriers to Care: Stigma and Bias

Since 1991, the CDC’s National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) has provided free or low-cost mammograms and Pap tests to over 5.6 million women, detecting more than 57,000 breast cancer cases and 12,000 cervical cancer cases. Operating in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and several U.S. territories, the program collaborates with local health organizations to offer these life-saving services. Its goal? Reaching women at risk of delayed or skipped screenings.

Despite the public health program’s success, stigma remains—especially in some rural and conservative communities—where visiting a free clinic can lead to assumptions about a person’s financial or sexual health status.

During a panel on HPV vaccination at the 2025 Cervical Cancer Summit, Dr. Deanna Kepka shared her experience working on successful public health initiatives in Utah.

Dr. Deanna Kepka, PhD, MPH, a researcher at the Huntsman Cancer Institute, works closely with rural and religious communities in Utah, including members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS). Speaking at Cervivor’s 2025 Cervical Cancer Summit, she described how stigma around sexual health often delays screenings and deters HPV vaccination.

She recalled working with Mandy Murray, a woman from a conservative LDS background who developed cervical cancer after experiencing sexual abuse. Although Mandy initially kept her diagnosis private, she eventually shared her story in 2018 through a book and on the Cervivor Blog, helping to raise awareness about cervical cancer screening and early detection as well as to show the power of breaking shame-induced silence.

Claudia Pérez-Favela

Cervivor community member Claudia Pérez-Favela, who lives in California’s agricultural Imperial Valley, knows that stigma and bias can also exist within the medical system itself. Diagnosed with pre-cervical dysplasia caused by HPV in April 2018, she waited months to see a gynecologist while experiencing irregular periods and heavy bleeding. With a family history of ovarian cancer, Claudia chose to undergo a radical hysterectomy, including the removal of her ovaries. She was declared NED (No Evidence of Disease) just one month later.

But for Claudia, the hardest part wasn’t the wait—it was the care she received after her diagnosis. “From the moment I was diagnosed, I was met with judgment and misinformation,” she recalls. She was told her husband must have been unfaithful and faced other outdated assumptions. “The physician assistant didn’t explain my condition professionally—she let her personal bias take over because my cancer was HPV-related. Everything I now know about cervical cancer, I learned thanks to Cervivor.”

Living in a rural area made it difficult to find an alternate provider. She says, “When options are limited, you’re stuck with whoever is available—even if they’re overworked, unprofessional, or biased.” Today, Claudia often crosses the border into Mexico for more accessible, respectful care. “I can see a specialist there within a week.”

Turning the Tide on HPV Vaccination 

Research confirms that the HPV vaccine saves lives. In countries like Australia and Rwanda—where vaccination rates exceed 85% and 90%, respectively—cervical cancer is on the path to elimination.

The U.S. has a long way to go. In 2019, the CDC highlighted the “urgent need” to increase the national HPV vaccination rate to 80%, reporting that the vaccine could prevent up to 92% of HPV-related cancers, which still account for nearly 50,000 new cases annually, including about 12,000 cervical cancer cases. However, as of 2022, only 38.6% of children ages 9 to 17 in the U.S. had received at least one dose, according to a National Health Interview Survey. (Two doses of the vaccine are recommended for this age group, and three for those 18 and older.)

The same year, data showed disparities in HPV vaccination rates based on where kids lived: 40% of children in large metropolitan areas had received at least one dose, compared to just 30% in nonmetropolitan areas. Additionally, a 2025 study on overall childhood vaccination trends found that rural areas not only lag behind in vaccination rates but are also seeing slower increases compared to urban regions.

April 7 to 11 is Adolescent Immunization Action Week (AIAW25), a great reminder for all families to stay on TASK with vaccines: Trust reliable sources (like Cervivor!), Ask questions, Schedule vaccines, and Know where to get vaccinated.

Despite ongoing challenges for vaccine advocates—and recent headlines about deadly measles outbreaks among unvaccinated children in rural Texas—there have also been notable successes.

In Utah, Dr. Kepka recounts how partnerships between the state health department and local providers have transformed HPV vaccination rates. “When I started working in Utah, we were always ranked 45th, 46th, or 47th in vaccination rates, and it was difficult to get healthcare team members on board,” she recalls. 

Today, Utah leads the country, thanks largely to its vaccine registry, which identifies children eligible for vaccination as early as age 9. This proactive approach allows families to protect their children before puberty and becoming sexually active, making the vaccine an “easier pill to swallow” for LDS and other conservative families, Dr. Kepka explains.

Bringing Care Closer to Home

Morgan Newman, MSW

Beyond these barriers, one of the greatest challenges facing rural Americans in accessing care is often, quite literally, the distance to healthcare services, as survivor Julianna experienced.

Cervivor’s Community Engagement Liaison, Morgan Newman, who grew up in Greenfield, an Iowa town of 2,000, has experienced these disparities firsthand. “Specialists, including gynecologic oncologists, are limited, and patients face obstacles like transportation, lodging, time off work, and finances,” says Morgan, whose advocacy is rooted in her own cervical cancer diagnosis at age 24. “Iowa currently ranks second in overall cancer incidence, just behind Kentucky,” she says, citing both lifestyle and environmental factors such as high levels of radon. “It’s scary.”

Now working on the front lines of public health with Iowa experts, Morgan travels across the state to attend events ranging from school nurse conferences to HPV vaccination initiatives. She also serves on the Iowa Cancer Consortium Board of Directors and is committed to improving healthcare access, cervical cancer awareness, immunization education, and cancer policy.

Morgan, Iowa State Lead Ambassador for the American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network (ACS CAN), advocates for better healthcare access for all Iowans—including a recent day of educating state officials. Afterward, she helped host a virtual support group for the Cervivor community.

Several promising solutions have been proposed to close the cervical cancer care gap in rural communities—and bring life-saving health services closer to home—though challenges remain in scaling these efforts:

  • Expand Screening Options: New self-collection HPV tests offer a discreet and convenient way to get screened, helping to reduce barriers such as transportation and long appointment wait times. However, widespread adoption will require targeted education for patients, providers, and communities, particularly in rural areas.
  • Increase Vaccine Access Points: Mobile vaccine clinics have proven successful when set up in accessible locations, such as Walmart parking lots on payday in Appalachian Kentucky. Utilizing pharmacies, school-based programs, dental offices, and providers through the CDC’s Vaccines for Children Program can bring vaccines closer to where families live, work, and shop.
  • Leverage Telehealth: Follow-up care via telehealth allows patients to consult with providers without traveling long distances. While access to high-speed internet remains a challenge in some rural areas, many patients can still connect via cell phones, satellite service, or computers at local libraries.

Seeds of Hope: The Power of Rural Voices

“Storytelling and personal recommendations are key in rural areas,” one public health researcher shared with Cervivor. “Word-of-mouth is a powerful tool for spreading information.”

This is why Cervivor Founder and Chief Visionary, Tamika Felder, launched the organization 20 years ago. “I’ve always believed that sharing your story can change minds—and change the world,” she says. Since then, hundreds of survivors have shared their Cervivor Stories

Reflecting on her experience with medical bias, California-based Cervivor Ambassador Claudia—now an active bilingual advocate in her rural community—believes survivors can educate healthcare providers. “HPV and cervical cancer are rarely discussed, leading to misinformation—even among healthcare workers. This fosters stigma, silence, and leaves women feeling isolated.” She adds, “Survivors can teach healthcare providers how clear, empathetic communication can make all the difference—or how its absence can cause harm.”

For her dedicated advocacy, Claudia received the Cervivor Rising Star Award from founder Tamika at the 2024 Cervivor School in Minneapolis.

Utah-based Dr. Kepka stresses that women’s health is a community issue and needs community-driven solutions. “Don’t give up,” she encourages fellow health workers and advocates. “Keep sharing the facts—this is a ‘cancer-prevention vaccine’ or a ‘new approach for cervical cancer screening’—and be present in the community.”

Cervivor is equally committed to addressing health disparities and misinformation in rural areas through:

  • Educational Outreach: The #Screen4Me campaign promotes life-saving cervical cancer screening and early detection nationwide. Through groups like Cervivor Español and initiatives like Cervivor Cares, we provide vital information to diverse communities using multilingual resources.
  • Resource Support: Cervivor offers critical resources to underserved communities with initiatives like Cervivor Cares Gift Cards (for which you can nominate yourself or someone else or be sponsored) and the Comfort Care & Compassion Program (which can also be requested).  
  • Community Support: Creating Connections is a regular virtual support group that gives cervical cancer patients and survivors a safe, welcoming space to share, heal, and find community—from the comfort of home. Register for the May 2025 gathering. 
  • Credible Information: Through the Cervivor website, podcast, CervivorTV, and social media channels, we share actionable tips and public health guidance to help people stay informed about cervical cancer prevention. 
Claudia (first from left) and other members of Cervivor Español do bilingual outreach around the country and in their local communities.

Ultimately, planting seeds of hope—through individual stories and grassroots efforts—may offer the greatest potential for reducing cervical cancer death rates and ensuring that the next generation of rural Americans is free from HPV-related cancers, like cervical cancer.

Support the Mission!

Cervivor is leading the fight to eliminate cervical cancer here and around the globe. Support our mission through the Tell 20, Give 20 campaign, designed to spread awareness and continue to fund life-saving initiatives. (Read about the campaign’s success thus far and how to get involved.)


Have questions about this blog post or anything related to Cervivor or cervical cancer? Send them our way at [email protected]. Have your own Cervivor Story to share? Fill out this form, and we’ll be in touch!

Educate to Eliminate: Amplifying the Global Call to End Cervical Cancer 

Cervical Cancer Elimination Day of Action is this Sunday, November 17. It marks the global goal set by the World Health Organization (WHO) to eliminate cervical cancer by 2030. Since the WHO announced its strategy in 2020, nearly 200 countries have committed to the mission, and numerous global and national groups have joined the call.

But we won’t reach this goal if we don’t roll up our collective sleeves and do the work. Cervical Cancer Elimination Day of Action is an important reminder that the fight is still on. It is especially meaningful to many in our Cervivor community, including Cervivor Ambassador and Cervivor Español Co-Lead Karla Chavez.

Karla Chavez

“As a cervical cancer survivor, this day hits close to home. It’s not just about setting targets – it’s about making sure the tools to prevent and treat cervical cancer reach women everywhere,” says Karla, who will give remarks at a WHO-hosted virtual webinar on Monday, November 18, about frontline workers and the cause. “I know firsthand how life-changing these resources are, and it means so much to see us actively working to make sure no one else has to endure this disease.”

So, what are the targets?

Global Guidelines to End Cervical Cancer

The WHO’s “90-70-90” strategy to eliminate cervical cancer by 2030 includes these key global targets:

  • HPV Vaccination Rate: 90% of girls get the HPV vaccine by age 15. Doing so protects them against high-risk HPV strains that can cause cancers in the cervix, vagina, vulva, head, neck, mouth, and anus (the last four in men as well).
  • Improved Screening: Make sure 70% of women get screened for cervical cancer by age 35 and again by age 45. Pap tests find abnormal cells that can become cancerous, while HPV tests check for the virus – aiming to catch risks early.
  • Better Access to Treatment: 90% of women with early signs of cervical cancer receive treatment, and 90% of women with invasive cancer get the care they need to manage and treat the disease effectively.

Is it possible to eliminate cervical cancer completely? The WHO estimates that cervical cancer will become a rare disease – rather than a common health threat – when fewer than 4 cases per 100,000 women are diagnosed each year.

How Are We Doing? 

Globally, approximately 350,000 women continue to die each year from cervical cancer. When the WHO set its guidelines in 2020, the number was around 311,000, which shows the significant challenges in meeting the targets, particularly in economically disadvantaged countries. It also highlights the ongoing need for global action to end cervical cancer.

The outlook in the U.S. is encouraging. This year, approximately 4,360 women are expected to die from cervical cancer, a significant decrease from the 1970s and ’80s when annual deaths reached up to 10,000. The U.S. is getting closer to meeting the WHO’s targets, thanks to rising HPV vaccination rates, although it still falls short of the 90% goal. According to the CDC, in 2023, 76.8% of adolescents had received at least one dose of the HPV vaccine, and 61.4% were fully vaccinated. While access to screening and treatment is strong in many regions around the country, disparities persist.

Educate to Eliminate Cervical Cancer

How can the Cervivor community support the global mission to end cervical cancer? One powerful way is by sharing life-saving information to “Educate to Eliminate,” starting with these 4 Crucial Facts about HPV and Cervical Cancer.

Just as important, continue sharing your Cervivor Stories – because you never know who needs to hear them. Stories like U.K. Cervivor Samina Cepal, whose cervical cancer was detected during a routine Pap test, or Washington-based Pamela Akers, who had regular Pap tests but still had “below the belt” issues. The lessons learned? Regular screenings are key to preventing cervical cancer, but it’s also essential to listen to your body beyond routine exams so you can seek care early, as the WHO advocates.

This also requires frontline healthcare workers to have the resources needed for accurate screenings and proper treatment. Cervivor Ambassador Karla, a patient advocate on the WHO’s Living Guidelines team for Cervical Cancer Screening, emphasizes these medical professionals’ important role in ending cervical cancer. “I deeply appreciate the struggles frontline workers face. They’re dedicated but need our support – whether for tools, training, or recognition – to make a real difference in women’s lives.”

Or, you could decide to be a frontline worker yourself like Anh Le! Diagnosed as a medical student in 2018 with a rare, aggressive form of cervical cancer, Anh underwent lifesaving surgery at Memorial Sloan Kettering, which motivated her to become an OB/GYN oncologist to help cancer patients. She’s now cancer-free and doing her OB/GYN residency.

Donate to Eliminate, Too!

On this Cervical Cancer Elimination Day of Action, let’s honor those who continue to fight the good fight – like Samina, Pamela, Karla, and Anh Le – and those who lost the battle, like my friend Heather. While it’s heartbreaking to think that today’s prevention tools could have saved her life, the fact that we have them now is the best reason to make this day count.

At Cervivor, we’re asking our community to commemorate the day by donating $17 on November 17 to support our critical work in regions most affected by cervical cancer. Donations will help fund Cervivor School Kenya (2025) and a Cervivor Cares community awareness event in Honduras, where Karla lives, among other initiatives.

We’re also amplifying the WHO’s goal with our November 2024 podcast featuring Dr. Trisha L. Amboree, a public health expert at MUSC Hollings Cancer Center, who discusses the importance of the Elimination Day of Action. The episode airs on Sunday, November 17.

Check out our many other resources on Cervivor.org and learn how you can get involved or share your cervical cancer experience on Elimination Day and every day. 

SARA LYLE-INGERSOLL is a seasoned content and communications expert dedicated to transforming lived experiences into impactful stories. Her award-winning magazine feature about a close friend who passed from cervical cancer in their twenties led her to connect with Cervivor’s founder, Tamika Felder, and solidified her commitment to cervical cancer awareness and prevention. Now, as Cervivor’s Communications Director, Sara brings this mission full circle. Her previous roles include Editor-in-Chief of The Finder in Singapore, Deputy Editor at Woman’s Day, Lifestyle Director at Good Housekeeping, and Senior Editor at Jane Magazine. Based in Denver, she is a boy mom of a blended family and enjoys good food, travel, and all the sunsets.